20^th Asia Pacific Nanotechnology Congress July 23-24, 2018 Sydney, Australia

Molecular nanotechnology is the ability to manufacture objects to precise atomic specifications. There is a postulate that any structure that can be specified and that does not violate the Physical law can be built. By the application of different mechanosynthesis process and Computational Nanotechnology, a much new material is manufactured in the industries for different Engineering and medicinal purpose. Molecular nanotechnology and molecular manufacturing can be combinable used to produce different materials in more efficient and cheapest way.

Nanoelectronics holds few answers for how we might increase the capabilities of electronic devices when we reduce their weight and power consumption. Nanoelectronics and technology are widely used in all aspects of modern life. Life Safety, Healthcare, Transportation, Computing, Energy, and Telecommunications are some of the major fields benefiting from the growth of Nanoelectronic applications

Nanotoxicology is the study of the toxicity of nanomaterials. Because of quantum size effects and large surface area to volume ratio, nano materials have unique properties compared with their larger counterparts. Nanotoxicology is a branch of bionanoscience which deals with the study and application of toxicity of nanomaterials. Nanomaterials, even when made of inert elements like gold, become highly active at nanometer dimensions. Nanotoxicological studies are intended to determine whether and to what extent these properties may pose a threat to the environment and to human beings. For instance, Diesel nanoparticles have been found to damage the cardiovascular system in a mouse model.

Nanotopography refers to specific surface features which form or are generated at the nanoscopic scale. While the term can be used to describe a broad range of applications ranging from integrated circuits to microfluidics, in practice it typically applied to sub-micron textured surfaces as used in biomaterials research.

Nanotechnology offers some exciting possibilities in medicine Science. Application of Nanotechnology in nanomedicine involves two main techniques i.e. Diagnostic technique and Therapeutic technique. Nanoflares are nanoparticles which are designed bind to genetic targets in cancer cells and generate light when that particular genetic target is found. Applications of nanoparticles are currently under development, as well as longer range research that involves the use of manufactured nanorobots to make repairs at the cellular level. Solutions such as nanoformulations with a triggered release for tailor-made pharmacokinetics, nanoparticles for local control of tumor in combination with radiotherapy, and functionalized nanoparticles for targeted in-vivo activation of stem cell production are anticipated to drive R&D, consequently resulting in revenue generation in the coming years. Nanosponges which are polymer nanoparticles coated with a red blood cell membrane are used for removing the toxin from the bloodstream.

Nanobiotechnology refers to the intersection of Polymers Science and Engineering and biology. The subject is one that has only emerged very recently and serves as blanket terms for various related technologies. The utilization of the inherent properties of nucleic acids like DNA to create useful materials is a promising area of modern research. Most of the devices designed for Polymers Science and Engineering use are directly based on other existing nanotechnologies. Nanobiotechnology is often used to describe the overlapping multidisciplinary activities associated with biosensors, particularly where photonics, chemistry, biology, biophysics, nanomedicine, and engineering converge. 

Nanofluidics is the study of the behavior, manipulation, and control of fluids that are confined to structures of nanometer (typically 1–100 nm) characteristic dimensions (1 nm = 10⁻⁹ m). Fluids confined in these structures exhibit physical behaviors not observed in larger structures, such as those of micrometer dimensions and above, because the characteristic physical scaling lengths of the fluid, (e.g. Debye length, hydrodynamic radius) very closely coincide with the dimensions of the nanostructure itself.

Nanotechnology in the electronic system is referred as nanoelectronics. NanoPhysics have Increased the capabilities of electronic devices and at the same time, it has reduced their weight, size and power consumption. The quality of display screens has improved a lot while its size became very thick, decreased weight and reduced power consumption. Nanophysics is widely used in all application of modern life, Life Safety, Healthcare, Transportation, Energy and Telecommunications and computing are the major fields benefiting from the growth of Nanophysics applications.

Nanoweapon is the name given to military technology currently under development which seeks to exploit the power of nanotechnology in the modern battlefield. People such as state agencies, criminals and enterprises could use nano-robots to eavesdrop on conversations held in private. Nanoparticles used in different military materials could potentially be a hazard to the soldiers that are wearing the material, if the material is allowed to get worn out. As the uniforms wear down it is possible for nanomaterial to break off and enter the soldiers’ bodies.

Nanotechnology ("nanotech") is manipulation of matter on an atomic, molecular, and supra molecular scale. The earliest, widespread description of nanotechnology referred to the particular technological goal of precisely manipulating atoms and molecules for fabrication of macro scale products, also now referred to as molecular nanotechnology. A more generalized description of nanotechnology was subsequently established by the National Nanotechnology Initiative, which defines nanotechnology as the manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers. This definition reflects the fact that quantum mechanical effects are important at this quantum-realm scale, and so the definition shifted from a particular technological goal to a research category inclusive of all types of research and technologies that deal with the special properties of matter which occur below the given size threshold.

Nanocomposite is a multiphase solid material where one of the phases has one, two or three dimensions of less than 100 nanometers (nm), or structures having nano-scale repeat distances between the different phases that make up the material. In the broadest sense this definition can include porous media, colloids, gels and copolymers, but is more usually taken to mean the solid combination of a bulk matrix and nano-dimensional phases differing in properties due to dissimilarities in structure and chemistry. The mechanical, electrical, thermal, optical, electrochemical, catalytic properties of the nanocomposite will differ markedly from that of the component materials. Size limits for these effects have been proposed, <5 nm for catalytic activity, <20 nm for making a hard magnetic material soft, <50 nm for refractive index changes, and <100 nm for achieving super paramagnetism, mechanical strengthening or restricting matrix dislocation movement.

Nanoparticles that are obviously occurring or they are the incidental by-products of combustion processes is usually physically, chemically varied and often termed as ultrafine particles.

Various geophysical and social weights are changing a move from fossil energizes to renewable and manageable vitality sources. To impact this progression, we should make the materials that will bolster developing vitality advancements.

Today Nanotechnology is delivering in both ways expected and unexpected ways its promise to benefit society. Nanotechnology has able to develop much new technology and industrial sectors like medicine, transport, agriculture, electronics, water treatment, food safety, environment etc. Nanomaterials are already used in numerous products and industrial applications. Many new kinds of research are being done to develop the new and efficient product by the use of nanotechnology.

Development of Nanotechnology and creating of Nanomaterials opened new perspectives for a number of areas of industry. These materials explain enlarged strength, toughness, biocompatibility, and can ensure higher service properties, reliability, and systems.

Two significant chemical methods: high-temperature thermal putrefaction and liquid-liquid interface reaction, suitable for creating films of many metals and metal oxide nanoparticles

Nanotechnology has made great step forward in the making of new surfaces, new materials and new forms which also find application in the biomedical field

Nanotechnology applications are being researched currently, tested and in some cases already applied across the entire scope of food technology, from agriculture to food processing, packaging and food supple